Journalism And Mass Communication CSS Syllabus. CSS Journalism And Mass Communication Syllabus.

Journalism And Mass Communication CSS Syllabus

Philosophy CSS Syllabus

I.    Introduction to Mass Communication

• Concept – Definitions, Need/Importance/Purposes, Types of Communication, Process of Communication, Basic Models.
  • Functions of a model, Evaluation of a model
  • Basic models in Mass Communication: –
    • Lasswell’s Model (1948)
    • Shannon-Weaver model (1948)
    • Osgood,s model (1954)
    • Schramm’s model (1954)
    • Newcomb’s symmetry theory (1953)
    • Westley-McLean’s model (1976)
    • Gerbner model (1956)

Governance And Public Policies CSS Syllabus

II.    Mass Communication Theories

• Normative theories of the press: Schramm’s four theories and criticism on these theories
  • Media as agents of power
  • The Spiral of silence
  • Media Usage and gratifications
  • Media hegemony
  • Diffusion of innovations
  • Powerful effects model: hypodermic needle, magic bullet theory.
  • Moderate effects model: two-step and multi-step flow of communication.
  • Powerful media revisited: Marshal McLuhan’s media determinism

III.    Global / International Communication

• The Historical Context of International Communication
  • Globalization, technology, and the mass media
  • Communication and Cultural imperialism
  • Communication Flow in Global Media: Imbalance in the flow of information between North and South
  • McBride commission and its recommendations.
  • International Communication in the Internet Age: the new social media and its effects on developing world

IV.    Media and Society

• Mass media and social change
  • Media    as    a    social     system:    The    balance     between     interrelation     and interdependence
  • Media freedom and its role for democracy,
  • The functional approach to mass media: four social functions of the media
  • Media as an awareness agent
  • Mass media and social representation

V.    Mass Media in Pakistan:

• Media system in Pakistan: historical, chronological, and analytical review
  • The system of journalism and the media system
  • Employer-employee relations in Pakistani media
  • Government-press relations
  • Press in Pakistan: The newspaper industry, from mission to the market
  • Electronic media: from total dependence to enormous power
  • The new 24/7 television: uses and abuses
  • The new radio: potential for change and the present performance.
  • The question of freedom and responsibility

VI.    Development Support Communication

• Theories of development support communication with specific focus on the developing world
  • The dominant paradigm of development: historical, analytical perspective
  • The Alternative paradigm of development
  • Small is beautiful: community development as a snowball effect.
  • Globalization vs Localization
  • Glocalization
  • Social Marketing: how to infuse new ideas into a developing population

VII.    Public Relations:

• Concept of Public Relations
  • Historical development of public relations: from press agentry to PR
  • Public relation in Pakistan
  • Ministry of information
  • Press Information Department (PID)
  • Public relations and publicity
  • PR as a tool for governance
  • Private PR agencies and their structure

• Basic methods of PR: press release, press note, press conference
  • PR Ethics

VIII.    Media Laws and Ethics:

• History of Media Laws in Pakistan
  • Development of media regulations from British colonial era to independent Pakistan
  • Libel, Defamation and relevant portions of PPC
  • PPO, RPPPO
  • PEMRA: establishment, development, and operational mechanisms
  • Press Council of Pakistan (PCP)
  • Citizens Media Commission: need, present status, and reasons for inactivity
  • Press Code of Ethics
  • Inability of the media to develop a code of ethics as an institution
  • The media’s quest for freedom and its inability to self regulate.