Concept Of Public Administration in Islam CSS
The article discusses “Concept of public administration in Islam. CSS. Fundamental principles of Islamic administration. Concept of public administration in Islam. Administration according to Quran Sunnah and Shariah.”
Concept Of Public Administration in Islam
The word administration has been derived from two Latin terms ‘Ad’ and ‘Ministiare’. Ad means ‘to’ and Ministiare means ‘serve’. Similarly the term Public means people or citizens. Thus Public Administration in simple terms means ‘the execution of government policies to serve people’. According to Professor Edward C. Page, professor of public policy at London School of Economics, Public Administration is “the implementation of government policies”. The concept of public administration in Islam is that which is set by Quran and Sunnah. Some of its main features have been discussed in below paragraphs.
Responsibilities Of Civil Servants in Islam CSS
In an Islamic state, government is duty bound to devised policies that are in line with the injunctions of Holy Quran and Sunnah. For every aspect of statesmanship the Holy Quran and Sunnah have clear instructions. However in any case if the policy makers could not find any clear ruling about a particular matter then the next source of policy making in hand is Ijma. In this case renowned Muslim scholars from all over the Muslim world gathered and derived a rule within the light of Holy Quran and Sunnah. The Holy Quran says
These are the limits set by Allah, so do not go near them.” – Surah Al Baqara 187
Regarding Ijma the Holy Quran says
“Who obey their Lord, attend to their prayers and conduct their affairs with mutual consultation.” Holy Quran (Ash Shura)
Quranic Guidance on Good Governance
Islam is the pioneer of welfare state. This means Islam endorsed only those policies that are in best interest of the public. Any government plan that either violates Islamic rules or hurt public interests by any mean has been strongly denounced by Islam.
Similarly in an Islamic state government is the custodian of public life, property, dignity and rights and liberty. Similarly it is a state where minorities enjoy as equal rights and liberty as majority do.
Islam believes in equality among the people. It therefore devised policies that give equal chance of prosperity and development to every member of the society. The Holy Quran says
“O mankind, We have created you from a male and a female, and made you into races and tribes, so that you may identify one another. Surely the noblest of you, in Allah’s sight, is the one who is most pious of you. Surely Allah is All-Knowing, All-Aware.” – Al Hujurat 13
Concept Of Governance And Its Application in The Light Of Quran Sunnah And Fiqh
Transparency and accountability are the two unique features of Islamic administrative system. Islam held head of state and his subordinates accountable to both public and Allah. In this world they are answerable to public and in after world to Allah Almighty. People can be served better only if the system of public administration is transparent and free of nepotism. Islam therefore demands transparency and accountability on every level of public administration.
Islam also stresses on the efficiency and effectiveness of the system of public administration. Efficiency means achieving maximum output with minimum input. Similarly effectiveness means producing desire results. An example of efficiency and effectiveness is the timely collection of tax and then its proper spending.
To ensure transparency and accountability and efficiency and effectiveness in public administration, Islam argued equality before law. No should be above law. Even head of state can be interrogated and impeached.
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